Quantum Wave Mechanics - Fourth Edition : Booklocker.com : 9781634929646 : 1634929640 : 20 May 2018 : A comprehensive description of the nature of light, electricity and gravity is provided in terms of quantum wave mechanics. Detailed models include the photon as a travelling electromagnetic wave and the electron as a closed loop standing wave formed by a confined photon. Electrons are of toroidal geometry generated by a spinning Hopf link as a result of an imbalance of electrostatic and magnetostatic energy. Electric charge is a manifestation of a slight precession characterized by the fine structure constant. The physical vacuum as a polarizable medium enables wave propagation and appears ultimately to be quantized at the Planck scale. Standing wave transformations for objects in motion are reviewed and Lorentz Doppler effects compared. The mechanism for generation of de Broglie matter waves for objects in motion is depicted including the inverse effect of induced motion of an object