Comparative Structure and Evolution of Cerebral Cortex, Part I : Springer : 9781475796247 : 1475796242 : 15 May 2013 : The cerebral cortex, especially that part customarily designated "neocortex," is one of the hallmarks of mammalian evolution and reaches its greatest size, relatively speaking, and its widest structural diversity in the human brain. The evolution of this structure, as remarkable for the huge numbers of neurons that it contains as for the range of behaviors that it controls, has been of abiding interest to many generations of neuroscientists. Yet few theories of cortical evo­ lution have been proposed and none has stood the test of time. In particular, no theory has been successful in bridging the evolutionary gap that appears to exist between the pallium of nonmammalian vertebrates and the neocortex of mam­ mals. Undoubtedly this stems in large part from the rapid divergence of non­ mammalian and mammalian forms and the lack of contemporary species whose telencephalic