From the pentecoste of the ancient Greeks, the first historically documented example of a general tax on goods in transit from and to the city of Athens, to the era of globalization, characterized by the tremendous ease with which people, goods and ideas circulate: how many products have passed through the countless customs posts existing between empires, states, fiefs, cities, provinces, municipalities; how many caravans of merchants, how many precious treasures; how many checks made, how many taxes collected, in how many different coinages. The diwan of the ancient Arabs, the comfortable sofa on which public and private affairs were concluded after lengthy and inevitable negotiations, has turned into an office, warehouse, store, and a series of laboratories where professionals and technicians work with complex analysis instruments, using the most advanced technologies and procedures in the various sectors. Because, if we go back over the history of the customs post from its origins t