History of the Hearts of Oak Benefit Society 1842-1942 TS Newman. The Hearts of Oak Benefit Society was established in 1842 to provide a means for people to save into a mutual fund that could be drawn upon to provide financial protection in times of sickness. The criteria to join was strict and in 1900 applicant were expected to be of 'good character' with earnings of at least 24 shillings per week which generally applied to the middle classes, higher artisans, skilled mechanics, small shopkeepers. By the beginning of the 20th century, the Society had around half a million members and moved to newly built larger offices in London that were formally opened in May 1906 by King Edward VI. These offices were rebuilt in 1968 and formally opened by HM the Queen Elizabeth, the Queen Mother in 1970. Photos of these opening are shown in the book. The book also covers the Society during the two World Wars including photos.