pIn this companion volume to his bestselling iAncient Israel What Do We Know and How Do We Know Iti Lester L. Grabbe provides the background history of the main ancient Near Eastern peoples and empires Babylonia, Assyria, Urartu, Hittites, Amorites, Egyptians. pGrabbe's focus is on PalestineCanaan and covers the early second millennium, including the Middle Bronze Age and the Second Intermediate Period and Hyksos rule of Egypt. Grabbe also addresses the question of a 'patriarchal period'. The main focus of the book is on the second half of the second millennium Late Bronze and early Iron Age, the Egyptian New Kingdom, the Amarna letters, the Sea Peoples, the question of 'the exodus', the early settlements in the hill country of Palestine, and the first mention of Israel in the Merenptah inscription. Archaeology and the contribution of the social sciences both feature heavily, as does inscriptional and iconographic material. As such this volume provides a fascinating portrayal of ancien