Latin America underwent two major transformations during the 2000s the widespread election of left-leaning presidents the so-called left turn and the diffusion of conditional cash transfer programs CCTs--innovative social programs that award regular stipends to poor families on the condition that their children attend school. Combining cross-national quantitative research covering the entire region and in-depth case studies based on field research, iHuman Capital versus Basic Income Ideology and Models of Anti-Poverty Programs in Latin Americai challenges the conventional wisdom that these two transformations were unrelated. In this book, author Fabin A. Borges demonstrates that this ideology greatly influenced both the adoption and design of CCTs. p There were two distinct models of CCTs a human capital model based on means-tested targeting and strict enforcement of program conditions, exemplified by the program launched by Mexico's right, and a more universalistic basic income model