pbPart I Overviewbp pb bp pb1. bbIntroduction and History of the Chemistry of Nucleic Acids Therapeuticsbp p Michael J. Gait and Sudhir Agrawalp p p pb2. Antisense RNA Therapeutics A Brief Overviewbp p Virginia Arechavala-Gomeza and Alejandro Garantop p p pbPart II Design and Formulation of Antisense Technologybbbp pb bp pb3. Design of Bifunctional Antisense Oligonucleotides for Exon Inclusionbp p Haiyan Zhoup p p pb4. Design and Delivery of SINEUP A New Modular Tool to Increase Protein Translationbp p Michele Arnoldi, Giulia Zarantonello, Stefano Espinoza, Stefano Gustincich, Francesca Di Leva, and Marta Biagiolip p p pb5. bbHow to Design U1 snRNA Molecules for Splicing Rescuebp p Liliana Matos, Juliana I. Santos, Ma Francisca Coutinho, and Sandra Alvesp p p pb6. Conjugation of Nucleic Acids and Drugs to Gold Nanoparticlesbp p Paula Miln-Rois, Ciro Rodriguez-Diaz, Milagros Castellanos, and lvaro Somozap p p pb7. Determination of Optimum Ratio of Cationic Polymers and Small Interfering