Jeffrey Record has specialized in investigating the causes of war. In iThe Specter of Munich Reconsidering the Lessons of Appeasing Hitleri Potomac Books, Inc., 2006, he contended that Hitler could not have been deterred from going to war by any action the Allies could plausibly have taken. In iBeating Goliath Why Insurgencies Wini Potomac Books, Inc., 2007, Record reviewed eleven insurgencies and evaluated the reasons for their success or failure, including the insurgents' stronger will to prevail. iWanting War Why the Bush Administration Invaded Iraqi Potomac Books, Inc., 2009 includes one of Record's most cogent explanations of why an often uncritical belief in one's own victory is frequently but not always a critical component of the decision to make war. Record incorporates the lessons of these earlier books in his latest, iA War It Was Always Going to Lose Why Japan Attacked America in 1941i. The attack on Pearl Harbor is one of the most perplexing cases in living memory of a wea