Collective Choice Processes: A Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Foreign Policy Decision-Making : Praeger : 9780275960292 : 0275960293 : 20 Nov 1997 : Gallhofer and Saris examine the collective choice processes in different decision-making units leading to World Wars I and II as well as the Cuban Missile Crisis, colonial wars, and to major foreign policy decisions of a European government after World War II. In the unit relating to the European government, they find strong evidence for consensual decision-making. But when disagreements occurred among the participants, alternative procedures were employed, such as postponements in order to search for additional information, shifts from argumentation to find a compromise, and change from consensus to majority decision-making. How quickly these shifts were made depended on the group norms. This book provides a theoretical framework to understand how different foreign-policy decision-making units or groups arrive at a collective