Carotenoids are a class of phytonutrients synthesized by plants, algae and photosynthetic bacteria. These richly colored molecules are responsible for the yellow, orange and red colors of many fruits and vegetables. Carotenoids can be broadly classified as carotenes and xanthophylls based on the chemical contained in them. There are several types of dietary carotenoids such as a-carotene, b-carotene, b-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene. Mangoes, papayas, carrots, sweet potatoes, spinach, and pumpkins are some good sources of a-carotene. Carotenoids play diverse roles in promoting human health. They act as antioxidants in the human body and have strong cancer-fighting properties. The body converts some carotenoids into vitamin A, which is essential for vision, normal growth and development. The anti-inflammatory and immune system benefits of carotenoids can help in preventing cardiovascular diseases. The book outlines the importance of carotenoids in human health in detail